What is meant by a process in an operating system?

Process in Operating System

A process is program under execution. It includes the code, data, stack and processor register values at that instant. When a process is scheduled for execution by the operating system, it assigns an unique id number for that process.

Process memory is split into four sections for efficient working :

The Text section is formed from the compiled program code, read in from nonvolatile storage when the program is launched.

The Data section is formed up the worldwide and static variables, allocated and initialized before executing the most .

The Heap is employed for the dynamic memory allocation, and is managed via calls to new, delete, malloc, free, etc.

The Stack is employed for local variables. Space on the stack is reserved for local variables once they are declared.

Different Process States

Processes within the OS are often in any of the subsequent states:

NEW- the method is being created.

READY- the method is waiting to be assigned to a processor.

RUNNING- Instructions are being executed.

WAITING- the method is expecting some event to occur(such as an I/O completion or reception of a signal).

TERMINATED- the method has finished execution.