Input Output Organization in Brief
External Devices
I/O operations are accomplished through external devices that offer a method of exchanging knowledge between external surroundings and laptop. Associate in Nursing external device attaches to the pc by a link to Associate in Nursing I/O module. Associate in Nursing external device connected to Associate in Nursing I/O module is named peripheral or peripheral. The figure below shows attachment of external devices through I/O module.
External Devices is categorized as:
Human readable: Appropriate for act with individual. for instance - monitor terminals and printers.
Machine readable: Appropriate for act with instrumentation. for instance - sensing element, actuators employed in artificial intelligence application.
Communication: appropriate for act with remote devices. they will be human legible device like terminal and computer readable device like another laptop.
The interface to Input/Output module: The interface to I/O module is within the kind of
a) Management Signal – determines the perform that the device can perform. E.g. send knowledge to I/O module (READ or INPUT), receive knowledge from I/O module (WRITE or OUTPUT), report standing or perform some control operation like position a disk head.
b) Knowledge Signal – send or receive the info from I/O module. c) standing Signal – it indicates the standing of signal. E.g. prepared/NOT READY
What is BIOS?
What is BIOS?
Control Logic: related to the device controls on specific operation as directed from I/O module.
Transducer: converts the info from electrical to different kind of energy throughout output and from different types of electrical throughout input.
Buffer: is related to electrical device to quickly hold knowledge throughout knowledge transmission from I/O module and external surroundings. Buffer size of eight to sixteen bits is common.
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